![]() An evidence-based systematic review of elderberry and elderflower ( Sambucus nigra) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. Advanced research on the antioxidant and health benefit of elderberry ( Sambucus nigra) in food – a review. Cyanogenic glycoside analysis in American elderberry. Randomized study of the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry extract in the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. Zakay-Rones Z, Thom E, Wollan T, Wadstein J. Elderberry supplementation reduces cold duration and symptoms in air-travellers: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Black elderberry ( Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials. Elderberry extract outpatient influenza treatment for emergency room patients ages 5 and above: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Elderberry for prevention and treatment of viral respiratory illnesses: a systematic review. Wieland LS, Piechotta V, Feinberg T, et al. A review of the antiviral properties of black elder ( Sambucus nigra L.) products. Advanced research on the antioxidant and health benefit of elderberry (Sambucus nigra) in food – a review. Department of Agriculture: FoodData Central. as a functional ingredient for food and pharmaceutical industry. Bioactive properties of Sambucus nigra L. Młynarczyk K, Walkowiak-Tomczak D, Łysiak GP. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. A 2004 study found symptom improvement four days sooner in those who were given 3 teaspoons of black elderberry four times daily.The elderberry group and placebo group had a similar infection rate. ![]() ![]() However, although it appeared to lower the duration and severity of the illness, it did not prevent infection. A 2016 study on airline passengers suggested using elderberry extract for 10 days before and five days after a flight led to milder symptoms and 50% fewer sick days from cold illnesses.In a 2019 study on elderberry for cold and flu, elderberry appeared to reduce the duration of upper airway symptoms caused by the flu when taken at the onset of symptoms.Adults were given 3 teaspoons four times daily, and children were given 3 teaspoons twice daily. People who did not take Tamiflu but took black elderberry had a longer illness duration. Some participants also took Tamiflu (oseltamivir), a common antiviral treatment. A 2020 study did not find black elderberry to improve symptoms or reduce the amount of time of illness.However, the researchers noted that further research is still needed. A systematic review from 2021 found that elderberry may be a safe option for reducing the severity and duration of respiratory infections like the common cold and flu.
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